Ultrasonography and the American Thyroid Association Ultrasound-Based Risk Stratification Tool: Utility in Pediatric and Adolescent Thyroid Nodules

Hormone Research in Pædiatrics
Ana CreoSiobhan T Pittock

Abstract

Pediatric thyroid nodules are more likely to be malignant compared to those in adults and may have different concerning ultrasound (US) features. Recent adult guidelines stratify malignancy risk by US features. Our aim is to (1) describe and confirm US features that predict pediatric malignancy, and (2) apply the Adult American Thyroid Association (ATA) Risk Stratification Guidelines to a large pediatric cohort. We identified 112 children with 145 thyroid nodules from 1996 to 2015. Two blinded pediatric radiologists independently read all US images, described multiple features, and reported their overall impression: benign, indeterminate, or malignant. Each nodule was assigned an ATA risk stratification category. Radiologists' impressions and ATA risk stratification were compared to histology and cytology results. Multiple US features including a solid composition, presence of microcalcifications, irregular margins, increased blood flow, and hypoechogenicity were associated with increased odds of malignancy. ATA risk stratification correlated with the radiologists' overall impression (p < 0.001). The sensitivity for detecting malignancy was comparable between both ATA stratification (91%) and the radiologists' overall impressio...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 17, 2018·Clinical Endocrinology·Ana CreoSiobhan Pittock
Jun 4, 2019·Pediatric Radiology·Jennifer E Lim-Dunham
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Mar 14, 2020·Pediatric Radiology·Ioanna TritouMaria Raissaki
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