Ultrasound pretreatment of elemental iron: kinetic studies of dehalogenation reaction enhancement and surface effects

Water Research
Cherie GeigerJacqueline Quinn

Abstract

This work presents data showing the kinetic improvement afforded by ultrasound pretreatment and illustrates the physical and chemical changes that take place at the iron surface. First-order rate constants improved as much as 78% with 2h of ultrasound pretreatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis were used for confirmation of the physical changes that take place after ultrasound was used on iron surfaces exposed to a variety of conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine chemical surface characteristics before and after ultrasound use. SEM and surface area analysis showed that ultrasound use clears the iron surface of debris increasing the surface area up to 169%. In addition, exposure to ultrasound alters ratios of surface species, such as adventitious carbon to carbonyl carbon and iron to oxygen, and removed hydroxides thus making the iron more reactive to reductive dehalogenation.

References

Oct 16, 1999·Journal of Hazardous Materials·P D MackenzieT M Sivavec
Aug 1, 1994·Environmental Science & Technology·A Bhatnagar, H M Cheung
Nov 1, 1995·Environmental Science & Technology·D R BurrisV S Manoranjan
Sep 1, 1995·Environmental Science & Technology·J KlausenR P Schwarzenbach

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Citations

May 9, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·Liping LiangPaul G Tratnyek
Dec 15, 2015·Scientific Reports·X D QinH F Zhang
Oct 12, 2017·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Xingjuan ChenMeiying Xu
Aug 8, 2017·Environmental Technology·Peng FanLina Li
Oct 3, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·Sungjun BaeKhalil Hanna
Dec 15, 2004·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Efthimia PapastavrosMarjorie A Langell

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