Ultrastructural alterations caused by immunological reactions after intracardiac injection of allogeneic antibodies against blood group antigens: an experimental study using the in vitro whole-rat embryo culture

Teratology
D C van der ZeeC Vermeij-Keers

Abstract

The effects of intracardiac injection of 0.5 microliter allospecific hemolyzing rat-antirat antibodies, directed against the blood group antigens, on the endothelium of the dorsal aortae were studied in 9-14 somite-staged Wistar and RIV:Tax rat embryos, using both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). In a TEM study it was further investigated if either apoptosis or cell necrosis occurred as a result of the forementioned intracardiac injection. The results were compared to ultrastructural findings of the dorsal aortae in sham- and noninjected rat embryos of the same gestational age. In the control rat embryos, the aortic vascular wall consisted of a single continuous layer of endothelial cells. No clear basal lamina was present in TEM. Furthermore, no immunoreactivity against the endothelium or the intravascular blood cells was noted. Embryos injected with hemolyzing rat-antirat antibodies displayed clefts or pores, and diaphragmatic fenestrations of the endothelial lining of the dorsal aortae after 2 hr. Alterations resembled those induced by vasoactive mediators such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, and prostaglandins. The above changes had disappeared 4 and 6 hr after injection with ...Continue Reading

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