Ultrastructure of the fetal membranes of the oviparous kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula (Colubridae) as revealed by scanning electron microscopy

Journal of Morphology
Young K Kim, Daniel G Blackburn

Abstract

In reptilian sauropsids, fetal (extraembryonic) membranes that line the eggshell sustain developing embryos by providing for gas exchange and uptake of water and eggshell calcium. However, a scarcity of morphological studies hinders an understanding of functional specializations and their evolution. In kingsnakes (Lampropeltis getula), scanning electron microscopy reveals two major fetal membranes: the chorioallantois and yolk sac omphalopleure. In early development, the chorioallantois contains tall chorionic epithelial cells, avascular connective tissue, and enlarged allantoic epithelial cells. During its maturation, the chorionic and allantoic epithelia thin dramatically and become underlain by a rich network of allantoic capillaries, yielding a membrane ideally suited for respiratory gas exchange. Yolk sac development initially is like that of typical lizards and snakes, forming an avascular omphalopleure, isolated yolk mass (IYM), and yolk cleft. However, unlike the situation in most squamates studied, the omphalopleure becomes transformed into a "secondary chorioallantois" via three asynchronous events: flattening of the epithelium, regression of the IYM, and vascularization by the allantois. Progressive expansion of chor...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 26, 2017·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Kathryn G Powers, Daniel G Blackburn
Sep 24, 2019·Evolution & Development·James R Stewart, Daniel G Blackburn
Jul 5, 2016·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Young K Kim, Daniel G Blackburn
Nov 28, 2018·Journal of Morphology·James R Stewart, Fausto R Mendez de la Cruz
Jan 5, 2021·Journal of Morphology·Daniel G Blackburn, James R Stewart
May 16, 2021·Journal of Morphology·J Matthias StarckDaniel G Blackburn

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