PMID: 7517070May 23, 1994Paper

Unanticipated benefits of automotive emission control: reduction in fatalities by motor vehicle exhaust gas

The Science of the Total Environment
M Shelef

Abstract

In 1970, before the implementation of strict controls on emissions in motor vehicle exhaust gas (MVEG), the annual USA incidence of fatal accidents by carbon monoxide in the MVEG was approximately 800 and that of suicides approximately 2000 (somewhat less than 10% of total suicides). In 1987, there were approximately 400 fatal accidents and approximately 2700 suicides by MVEG. Accounting for the growth in population and vehicle registration, the yearly lives saved in accidents by MVEG were approximately 1200 in 1987 and avoided suicides approximately 1400. The decrease in accidents continues unabated while the decrease in expected suicides by MVEG reached a plateau in 1981-1983. The reasons for this disparity are discussed. Juxtaposition of these results with the projected cancer risk avoidance of less than 500 annually in 2005 (as compared with 1986) plainly shows that, in terms of mortality, the unanticipated benefits of emission control far overshadow the intended benefits. With the spread of MVEG control these benefits will accrue worldwide.

References

Jan 1, 1975·Annual Review of Pharmacology·R D Stewart
Apr 26, 1991·Science·A J Krupnick, P R Portney
Jun 1, 1987·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·R V Clarke, D Lester
Mar 12, 1988·British Medical Journal
Jan 1, 1988·Annals of Internal Medicine·D A Nardone, T G Kelsey
May 1, 1987·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·P S Heckerling
Mar 1, 1984·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·N Kreitman, S Platt
Feb 4, 1965·The New England Journal of Medicine·A J MCBAY
Nov 16, 1895·The Journal of Physiology·J Haldane
Jun 12, 1912·The Journal of Physiology·C G DouglasJ B Haldane

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 22, 2012·Current Psychiatry Reports·Maya Schwartz-LifshitzMaria A Oquendo
Jan 30, 1999·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·R C WilsonG Smith
Mar 20, 1999·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·M A Skopek, R Perkins
Mar 13, 2012·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Marco SarchiaponeAlec Roy
Jul 9, 2014·Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology·Pia Rude NielsenNiels Lynnerup
Jun 28, 2008·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·Nicole C WhiteLisa Marr-Lyon
Jan 13, 2009·Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine·Serafettin DemirciGursel Gunaydin
Nov 29, 2005·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Asser H Thomsen, Markil Gregersen
Jan 1, 2007·Crisis·Virginia Routley
Nov 1, 2018·Academic Psychiatry : the Journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry·Maryam Soltani, Lisa J Wastila
Mar 13, 2008·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·M A Armienta, N Segovia
Aug 31, 1999·Medicine, Science, and the Law·S Y Abu-al Ragheb, A H Battah
Mar 17, 1997·The Medical Journal of Australia·S J Rosenman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Injury Prevention : Journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
B J Strife, L Paulozzi
Clinical Toxicology
H Matthew
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved