Understanding mammalian glutathione peroxidase 7 in the light of its homologs.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Matilde MaiorinoFulvio Ursini

Abstract

The glutathione peroxidase homologs (GPxs) efficiently reduce hydroperoxides using electrons from glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx), or protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). Trx is preferentially used by the GPxs of the majority of bacteria, invertebrates, plants, and fungi. GSH or PDI, instead, is preferentially used by vertebrate GPxs that operate by Sec or Cys catalysis, respectively. Mammalian GPx7 and GPx8 are unique homologs that contain a peroxidatic Cys (CP). Being reduced by PDI and located within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), these enzymes have been involved in oxidative protein folding. Kinetic analysis indicates that oxidation of PDI by recombinant GPx7 occurs at a much faster rate than that of GSH. Nonetheless, activity measurement suggests that, at physiological concentrations, a competition between these two substrates takes place, with the rate of PDI oxidation by GPx7 controlled by the concentration of GSH, whereas the GSSG produced in the competing reaction contributes to the ER redox buffer. A mechanism has been proposed for GPx7 involving two Cys residues, in which an intramolecular disulfide of the CP is formed with an alleged resolving Cys (CR) located in the strongly conserved FPCNQ motif (C86 in humans...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1984·Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie·W A GünzlerL Flohé
Jun 1, 1983·European Journal of Biochemistry·O EppA Wendel
Aug 8, 1994·FEBS Letters·F BauchéB Jégou
Nov 23, 2000·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·H SztajerL Flohé
May 20, 2003·Biological Chemistry·Pierluigi MauriFulvio Ursini
Nov 25, 2003·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Rosemary BassRobert B Freedman
Dec 9, 2003·Journal of Molecular Biology·A K LappiL W Ruddock
May 10, 2006·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Madia TrujilloTimo Jaeger
Apr 26, 2007·The Biochemical Journal·Tanja SchleckerR Luise Krauth-Siegel
May 24, 2008·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Stefano ToppoSilvio C E Tosatto
Apr 21, 2009·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Stefano ToppoMatilde Maiorino
May 7, 2009·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Manuela SchneiderMarcus Conrad
Jul 24, 2010·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Leopold FlohéFulvio Ursini
Oct 6, 2012·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Marcel Deponte
Oct 19, 2012·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Robert C Fahey
Dec 4, 2012·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Regina Brigelius-Flohé, Matilde Maiorino
Aug 10, 2013·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Kenichi MorikawaDarius Moradpour
Nov 20, 2013·Redox Biology·Davide MonteroChristian Appenzeller-Herzog
Jan 21, 2014·Cell·Wan Seok YangBrent R Stockwell
Feb 4, 2014·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Roberto CostaStefania Sarno
Feb 26, 2014·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Thomas RammingChristian Appenzeller-Herzog
Jan 6, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Valentina Bosello-TravainMatilde Maiorino

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 15, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Laura OrianFulvio Ursini
May 23, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine
Mar 7, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Agnès Delaunay-Moisan, Christian Appenzeller-Herzog
Jul 13, 2017·Chemical Reviews·Deborah Fass, Colin Thorpe
May 26, 2017·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Marcel Deponte
Apr 1, 2018·Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju·Kristina Dominko, Domagoj Đikić
Aug 7, 2019·Antioxidants·Roberto CannataroErika Cione
Dec 16, 2020·Antioxidants·Leopold Flohé
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Supriya BevinakoppamathAkila Prashant

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.