Understanding reversals in the relative strength of sexual selection on males and females: a role for sperm competition?

The American Naturalist
Patrick D Lorch

Abstract

Sperm competition affects sexual selection intensity on males, but models suggest it cannot affect the relative intensity of sexual selection on males compared to females. However, if sperm competition depresses the payoff for male multiple mating, it could affect the relative intensity of sexual selection and even cause sexual selection to be more intense on females than males (reversal of typical pattern). To evaluate how sperm competition, energy availability, and parental investment affect the intensity of sexual selection on each sex, I constructed a simulation model using the relationship between fecundity and number of mates to estimate sexual selection gradients. Unlike earlier models, I include a trade-off between paternal investment and sperm competition ability. The amount of energy available for reproduction affects the sexual selection gradient for each sex. Reversals in the sex experiencing stronger sexual selection do occur when additional paternal investment reduces a male's ability to compete for fertilizations within females. The shape of the distribution of mates for each sex (determined by mate competition) is also important. Output from the model is qualitatively similar to empirical data from insects with ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 17, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Adam G Jones, Nicholas L Ratterman
Jan 23, 2013·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Charlotta Kvarnemo, Leigh W Simmons
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Mar 24, 2017·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Mikael Puurtinen, Lutz Fromhage

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