Understanding the birth of rupture-prone and irreparable micronuclei.

Chromosoma
Xihan GuoXu Wang

Abstract

Micronuclei are extra-nuclear bodies mainly derived from ana-telophase lagging chromosomes/chromatins (LCs) that are not incorporated into primary nuclei at mitotic exit. Unlike primary nuclei, most micronuclei are enclosed by nuclear envelope (NE) that is highly susceptible to spontaneous and irreparable rupture. Ruptured micronuclei act as triggers of chromothripsis-like chaotic chromosomal rearrangements and cGAS-mediated innate immunity and inflammation, raising the view that micronuclei play active roles in human aging and tumorigenesis. Thus, understanding the ways in which micronuclear envelope (mNE) goes awry acquires increased importance. Here, we review the data to present a general framework for this question. We firstly describe NE reassembly after mitosis and NE repair during interphase. Simultaneously, we briefly discuss how mNE is organized and how mNE rupture controls the fate of micronuclei and micronucleated cells. As a focus of this review, we highlight current knowledge about why mNE is rupture-prone and irreparable. For this, we survey observations from a series of elegant studies to provide a systematic overview. We conclude that the birth of rupture-prone and irreparable micronuclei may be the cumulative ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 7, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Osama GarwainPaul D Kaufman
Aug 24, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Eric HengKezhong Zhang
Aug 22, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Xihan GuoXu Wang

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