Understanding the genotype of follicular thyroid tumors.

Endocrine Pathology
Jennifer L Hunt

Abstract

Tumors of the thyroid with a follicular growth pattern are controversial and can be diagnostically challenging for the pathologist. This group of tumors includes both follicular derived lesions (adenomas and carcinomas) and papillary carcinoma (follicular variant of papillary carcinoma). H&E morphology has classically been the gold standard for diagnosis. In the past several decades, however, several important molecular markers have been identified that may be unique to different types of thyroid carcinomas. These include the translocations RET/PTC and PAX8-PPARgamma and point mutations in the BRAF and RAS genes. Other molecular events in tumor suppressor genes may be useful for diagnosis of these tumors as well. None of the mutational markers are very sensitive, and there is some question regarding specificity for malignancy, because mutations have also been described in histologically benign tumors. However, with increasing availability of molecular testing for the general pathologist, a molecular testing panel used in conjunction with the H&E morphology and immunohistochemical stains may become useful in the clinical setting for the diagnosis of thyroid tumors.

Citations

Nov 30, 2006·Journal of Surgical Oncology·Ronald A DeLellis
Jul 19, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Sabine WächterPietro Di Fazio
Jul 20, 2007·Diagnostic Cytopathology·Umesh Kapur, Eva M Wojcik
Oct 6, 2007·Cytopathology : Official Journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology·D N PollerC Yiangou
Dec 23, 2008·Advances in Anatomic Pathology·Jennifer L Hunt
Sep 10, 2009·The American Journal of Surgical Pathology·Maureen Jakubowski, Jennifer L Hunt
Aug 18, 2009·Expert Review of Proteomics·Giuseppe DamanteGianluca Tell
Jul 2, 2015·Expert Review of Proteomics·Fabio PagniFulvio Magni
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Sep 24, 2011·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Gilbert H Daniels
Nov 23, 2016·Journal of Translational Medicine·Yoon Jin Cha, Ja Seung Koo
Feb 7, 2008·Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine·Jennifer L Hunt

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