Understanding the Influence of Surface Oxygen Groups on the Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Carbons as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Marie-Laure C PiedboeufAlexandre F Léonard

Abstract

The present study elucidates the role of surface oxygen functional groups on the electrochemical behavior of porous carbons when used as anodes for Li-ion batteries. To achieve this objective, a carbon xerogel (CX) obtained by pyrolysis of a resorcinol-formaldehyde gel, was modified by different postsynthesis treatments in order to modulate its surface chemistry while maintaining its external surface constant. Various surface modifications were obtained by oxidation in air, in situ polymerization of dopamine, and finally by grafting of a polyethylene oxide layer on the polydopamine coating. While oxidation in air did not affect the pore texture of the CX, modifications by coating techniques substantially decreased the micropore fraction. Detailed electrochemical characterizations of the materials processed as electrodes were performed by capacitance measurements and galvanostatic cycling. Surface chemistry results, from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, show that the accessibility and the capacity increase when carbonyl (R-C═O) groups are formed on the CX, but not with oxides and hydroxyls. The amount of surface carbonyls, and in particular, aldehyde (O═CH) groups, is found to be the key parameter because it is directly correla...Continue Reading

References

Feb 7, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L A Ruiz-TaylorP Wagner
Nov 20, 2001·Nature·J M Tarascon, M Armand
Apr 1, 1921·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·E W Washburn
Oct 20, 2007·Science·Haeshin LeePhillip B Messersmith
Jun 22, 2010·Nature Nanotechnology·Seung Woo LeeYang Shao-Horn

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