Understanding the Mechanisms by Which Epigenetic Modifiers Avert Therapy Resistance in Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology
Anthony QuaglianoSonali P Barwe

Abstract

The development of resistance to anti-cancer therapeutics remains one of the core issues preventing the improvement of survival rates in cancer. Therapy resistance can arise in a multitude of ways, including the accumulation of epigenetic alterations in cancer cells. By remodeling DNA methylation patterns or modifying histone proteins during oncogenesis, cancer cells reorient their epigenomic landscapes in order to aggressively resist anti-cancer therapy. To combat these chemoresistant effects, epigenetic modifiers such as DNA hypomethylating agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors, histone demethylase inhibitors, along with others have been used. While these modifiers have achieved moderate success when used either alone or in combination with one another, the most positive outcomes were achieved when they were used in conjunction with conventional anti-cancer therapies. Epigenome modifying drugs have succeeded in sensitizing cancer cells to anti-cancer therapy via a variety of mechanisms: disrupting pro-survival/anti-apoptotic signaling, restoring cell cycle control and preventing DNA damage repair, suppressing immune system evasion, regulating altered metabolism, disengaging pro-survival microenvironmental interactions and in...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Kasturi RangannaZivar Yousefipour
Mar 17, 2021·British Journal of Cancer·Arumugam Paramasivam, Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini
May 8, 2021·Future Medicinal Chemistry·Fabian Fischer, Leandro A Alves Avelar
May 21, 2021·Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR·Guo-Hua LiJian Qu
Oct 17, 2020·Journal of Hematology & Oncology·Julia López de AndrésJuan Antonio Marchal
Aug 24, 2021·PLoS Computational Biology·Anshul Saini, James M Gallo
Aug 29, 2021·Cancer Metastasis Reviews·Kalyani PatilShahab Uddin

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
acetylation
immunoprecipitation-Seq
ribosylation

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02397720

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