Undifferentiated headache: broadening the approach to headache in children and adolescents, with supporting evidence from a nationwide school-based cross-sectional survey in Turkey

The Journal of Headache and Pain
C WöberTimothy J Steiner

Abstract

Headache is a leading disabler in adults worldwide. In children and adolescents, the same may be true but the evidence is much poorer. It is notable that published epidemiological studies of these age groups have largely ignored headaches not fulfilling any specific set of ICHD criteria, although such headaches appear to be common. A new approach to these is needed: here we introduce, and investigate, a diagnostic category termed "undifferentiated headache" (UdH), defined in young people as recurrent mild-intensity headache of < 1 h's duration. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey in 31 schools in six regions of Turkey selected by mixed convenience-based and purposive modified cluster-sampling. A validated, standardised self-completed structured questionnaire was administered by a physician-investigator to entire classes of pupils aged 6-17 years. Of the identified sample of 7889 pupils, 7088 (89.8%) participated. The 1-year prevalence of UdH was 29.2%, of migraine (definite and probable) 26.7%, and of tension-type headache (TTH) (definite and probable) 12.9%. UdH differed with respect to almost all headache features and associated symptoms from both migraine and TTH. Burden of headache and use of acute medication w...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 12, 2020·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Diana GencTimothy J Steiner
Aug 26, 2020·Current Pain and Headache Reports·Vera NieswandGudrun Gossrau
Sep 3, 2020·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Yared Zenebe ZewdeTimothy J Steiner
Sep 3, 2020·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Otgonbayar LuvsannorovTimothy J Steiner
Jan 6, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Matilde LeonardiAlberto Raggi
Nov 20, 2020·The New England Journal of Medicine·Messoud Ashina
Feb 20, 2021·Frontiers in Neurology·Sameera ShuaibiJasem Al-Hashel
Mar 29, 2021·Lancet·Messoud AshinaRichard B Lipton
Jul 23, 2021·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Timothy J SteinerUNKNOWN Lifting The Burden: the Global Campaign against Headache
Sep 26, 2021·Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD·Ana Izabela Sobral de Oliveira-SouzaDaniella Araújo de Oliveira

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