Uneven regional distributions of prolactin- and growth hormone-secreting cells and sexually dimorphic proportions of prolactin secretors in the adenohypophysis of adult chickens

General and Comparative Endocrinology
M E LopezT E Porter

Abstract

Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) proteins are structurally similar and are thought to be evolutionarily derived from a common gene. In addition, data indicate that GH and PRL cells differentiate from a common stem cell. In adult birds, females have higher levels of serum PRL than males. Levels of serum GH are reported to be higher in young male birds than in females and equal between sexes in adult birds. Furthermore, previous studies using immunocytochemistry found that PRL- and GH-containing cells were located primarily in the cephalic (Cp) and caudal (Cd) lobes, respectively, of the anterior pituitary. Two experiments were conducted to study the cellular basis for differences in PRL and GH secretion between genders or anatomical location in adult chickens. In Experiment I, anterior pituitaries from broiler breeder adult hens and roosters were subjected to reverse hemolytic plaque assays (RHPA's) for PRL and GH. The percentage of of PRL-secreting cells was significantly greater in females than in males (46.1 +/- 4.5% and 26.1 +/- 2.4%, respectively; P < 0.001; n = 6). However, there were no significant differences between the proportions of GH-secreting cells between sexes (25.8 +/- 3.1% and 30.0 +/- 3.9% in females an...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 15, 2000·Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society·T E Porter
Jan 10, 2001·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·K L HullS Harvey

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