Unilateral renal artery stenosis presented with hyponatremic-hypertensive syndrome - case report and literature review

BMC Nephrology
Jhao-Jhuang DingMin-Hua Tseng

Abstract

Renal artery stenosis is one of the secondary causes of pediatric hypertension. Cases with critical unilateral renal artery stenosis manifesting with the hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome are rare and a comprehensive description of this disorder in the pediatric population is lacking in the literature. We describe a 4-year-old boy who presented with severe hypertension, profound hyponatremia, hypokalemia, nephrotic range proteinuria, and polyuria. Distinctly, the diagnosis of hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome secondary to unilateral renal artery stenosis was confirmed in light of laboratory and radiographic findings of severe natriuresis, elevated renin, and unilateral small kidney. Two weeks following nephrectomy, there was resolution of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, nephrotic range proteinuria and hypertension. Findings of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypertension, polyuria, and unilateral renal hypoplasia can be attributed to a unifying pathology of unilateral renal artery stenosis.

References

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Citations

Apr 15, 2021·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Juliana Lacerda de Oliveira CamposAna Cristina Simões E Silva
May 18, 2021·Indian Journal of Nephrology·Annesha ChakrabortiShasanka S Panda
Nov 3, 2021·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Yong EunIl-Soo Ha

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