Unmetabolized folic acid is detected in nearly all serum samples from US children, adolescents, and adults

The Journal of Nutrition
Christine M PfeifferClifford L Johnson

Abstract

Serum total folate consists mainly of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHF). Unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) may occur in persons consuming folic acid-fortified foods or supplements. We describe serum 5-methylTHF and UMFA concentrations in the US population ≥1 y of age by demographic variables and fasting time, stratified by folic acid-containing dietary supplement use. We also evaluate factors associated with UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L. Serum samples from the cross-sectional NHANES 2007-2008 were measured for 5-methylTHF (n = 2734) and UMFA (n = 2707) by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. In supplement users compared with nonusers, we found significantly higher geometric mean concentrations of 5-methylTHF (48.4 and 30.7 nmol/L, respectively) and UMFA (1.54 and 0.794 nmol/L, respectively). UMFA concentrations were detectable (>0.3 nmol/L) in >95% of supplement users and nonusers, regardless of demographic or fasting characteristics; concentrations differed significantly by age and fasting time, but not by sex and race-ethnicity, both in supplement users and nonusers. The prevalence of UMFA concentrations >1 nmol/L was 33.2% overall and 21.0% in fasting (≥8 h) adults (≥20 y of age). Using multiple logistic regression analysis, U...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 19, 2016·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology·Asta JuzenieneMarina Juraleviciute
Feb 24, 2016·International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition·Devina JaparJayashree Arcot
Oct 13, 2016·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·K R Patel, A Sobczyńska-Malefora
Nov 21, 2017·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Martha S Field, Patrick J Stover
Dec 9, 2017·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Allison L Bayer, Christopher A Fraker
Apr 22, 2019·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Rachael PageAmanda J MacFarlane
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Nov 2, 2019·European Journal of Nutrition·Cecília Zanin PalchettiDirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
May 12, 2019·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Clóvis PanizElvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara
Oct 11, 2017·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Desiree SmithYvo M Smulders
Oct 7, 2017·Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology·Ramkripa RaghavanXiaobin Wang
Sep 19, 2019·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Manuela A OrjuelaSalvador Villalpando
Jun 13, 2020·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Felix TwumJian Zhang
Aug 28, 2020·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Ramkripa RaghavanXiaobin Wang
Sep 13, 2017·Journal of the American College of Nutrition·Cecília Zanin PalchettiElvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara
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Jul 15, 2020·International Journal of Laboratory Hematology·Clóvis PanizElvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara
Dec 19, 2020·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Tyler J Titcomb, Sherry A Tanumihardjo

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