Update on autoantibodies to modified proteins

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
René E M Toes, Tom J W Huizinga

Abstract

This article provides an update on the recent findings on autoantibodies to modified proteins in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the past few years, the knowledge on the autoantibodies to citrullinated antigens has expanded considerably. More specifically, it is now clear that many different citrullinated protein antigens present in the synovial compartment can be recognized by anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA). This is most likely a consequence of the cross-reactivity the ACPA response displays to citrullinated proteins. It is now also clear that the isotype usage and the citrullinated epitope repertoire recognized by ACPA expands before the manifestation of full-blown RA and that this goes hand in hand with a rise in ACPA level. Next to ACPA, several other autoantibody systems directed against other posttranslationally modified proteins, such as proteins containing a homocitrulline residue resulting from protein carbamylation, have been identified. On the whole, the evolution of these autoantibody systems in time mimics the evolution of the ACPA response, indicating that the break of tolerance underlying different autoimmune responses present in RA occurs before disease onset, with a further maturation of these response...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 21, 2015·Autoimmunity Reviews·Aaron Lerner, Torsten Matthias
Dec 6, 2017·Calcified Tissue International·Jae-Hyuck ShimEllen M Gravallese
Jun 10, 2017·Seminars in Immunopathology·Ulrike Harre, Georg Schett

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