Update on medical treatment of patients with eisenmenger syndrome

International Heart Journal
Hiroyuki Fukushima

Abstract

Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is the most advanced form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart defects. ES greatly affects functional capacity, quality of life, and survival of patients. Clinical management of patients with ES has been dramatically changed and developed in a new therapeutic era of PAH, approximately a century after the first ES case described by Dr. Eisenmenger. Targeted drugs for PAH improve functional capacity and quality of life of patients with ES. In addition, these drugs may also provide a benefit for patients' survival. To achieve further development in medical treatment of patients with ES, they will need to be individualized according to functional classes, underlying cardiac defects, and underlying systemic diseases.

References

Mar 5, 2003·The American Journal of Cardiology·Susan M FernandesMichael J Landzberg
Jun 28, 2006·Circulation·Nazzareno GalièUNKNOWN Bosentan Randomized Trial of Endothelin Antagonist Therapy-5 (BREATHE-5) Investigators
Jul 31, 2007·International Journal of Cardiology·Michael A GatzoulisUNKNOWN BREATHE-5 Investigators
Mar 23, 2010·International Journal of Cardiology·Edgar L W TayMichael A Gatzoulis

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Citations

Jul 8, 2016·International Heart Journal·Ataru IgarashiHiroshi Watanabe
Nov 27, 2018·Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners·Benjamin J Hartwig, Benjamin Schultze
Jul 1, 2017·American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs : Drugs, Devices, and Other Interventions·Abdelrahman ElshafayNguyen Tien Huy

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