Updates on Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for Management of Diabetic Complications and Non-diabetic Diseases

Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Ajmer Singh GrewalBhupinder Singh Sekhon

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus occurrence has been associated to the modification of the physiological levels of glucose and is often accompanied by several long-term complications, namely neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataract, and cardiovascular. Aldose reductase (AR) is an enzyme of aldoketo reductase super-family that catalyzes the conversion of glucose to sorbitol in the polyol pathway of glucose metabolism. In this context, aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have received much attention worldwide. Decreased sorbitol flux through polyol pathway by ARIs could be an emerging target for the management of major complications of diabetes. The present review article describes a brief overview of the role of aldose reductase in the diabetic complications, advances achieved on ARIs and their potential use in the treatment and management of the major diabetic complications such as cataract, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and cardiovascular. The ARIs developed vary structurally, and representative structural classes of ARIs include i) carboxylic acid derivatives (such as Epalrestat, Alrestatin, Zopalrestat, Zenarestat, Ponalrestat, Lidorestat, and Tolrestat), ii) spirohydantoins and related cyclic amides (such as Sorbinil, Minalres...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 27, 2017·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Tapan Behl, Anita Kotwani
Jul 29, 2017·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Uwe PleyerReinhold Kreutz
Nov 24, 2017·Physiological Reviews·Guy EelenPeter Carmeliet
Apr 5, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·François WillermainChristine Delporte
May 25, 2018·Medicinal Chemistry·Qi HuangDongsheng Ouyang
Feb 16, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Trevor RajchgotSébastien Talbot
Jul 31, 2019·Current Diabetes Reports·Jonathan HanDaniel L Chao
Feb 10, 2020·Journal of Neural Transmission·Daniela C RosenbergerRolf-Detlef Treede
May 29, 2020·Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry·Veysel ComakliRamazan Demirdag
May 13, 2020·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Felicia D'AndreaSusanna Nencetti
Jun 23, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Xiaoyu ZhouZhonggui He
Oct 19, 2017·Journal of Diabetes Research·Lixia JiZhihong Yang
May 18, 2018·Frontiers in Neurology·Nádia Pereira GonçalvesLone Tjener Pallesen
Mar 20, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Chang Xian LiXiang Cheng Li
May 18, 2016·Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research : Official Journal of the International Society of Diabetes and Vascular Disease·Yuji IshibashiSho-Ichi Yamagishi
Sep 8, 2017·Natural Product Research·Zeyad A DahanP K Zubaidha
Aug 25, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Lei PangXin Yu
Sep 29, 2017·Marine Drugs·Guo-Liang LiWei Wang
Nov 12, 2016·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Srinivasan SenthilkumariAyyasamy Vanniarajan
Mar 27, 2020·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Mario CappielloAntonella Del-Corso
Feb 23, 2020·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Min WangSwati Joshi-Barve
Jan 10, 2021·Journal of Chromatographic Science·Dong Gu LeeSanghyun Lee
Jan 27, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Naoko NiimiKazunori Sango
Jan 26, 2021·BioMed Research International·Manal Ali BuabeidGhulam Murtaza
Mar 17, 2021·Chemical Reviews·Jianlin HanVadim A Soloshonok
Nov 21, 2019·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters·Keisuke TomoharaTakeru Nose
Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Lucia KovacikovaMilan Stefek
Jun 28, 2021·European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Mohd Usman Mohd SiddiqueVenkatesan Jayaprakash
Jul 20, 2021·Archives of Pharmacal Research·Sapna ThakurMalkhey Verma

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.