Upper Airway Elasticity Estimation in Pediatric Down Syndrome Sleep Apnea Patients Using Collapsible Tube Theory

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
Dhananjay Radhakrishnan SubramaniamEphraim J Gutmark

Abstract

Elasticity of the soft tissues surrounding the upper airway lumen is one of the important factors contributing to upper airway disorders such as snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. The objective of this study is to calculate patient specific elasticity of the pharynx from magnetic resonance (MR) images using a 'tube law', i.e., the relationship between airway cross-sectional area and transmural pressure difference. MR imaging was performed under anesthesia in children with Down syndrome (DS) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). An airway segmentation algorithm was employed to evaluate changes in airway cross-sectional area dilated by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). A pressure-area relation was used to make localized estimates of airway wall stiffness for each patient. Optimized values of patient specific Young's modulus for tissue in the velopharynx and oropharynx, were estimated from finite element simulations of airway collapse. Patient specific deformation of the airway wall under CPAP was found to exhibit either a non-linear 'hardening' or 'softening' behavior. The localized airway and tissue elasticity were found to increase with increasing severity of OSA. Elasticity based patient phenotyping can potentially as...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 16, 2017·Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery·Ethan C Bassett, Mary F Musso
Nov 11, 2019·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Léa Dumortier, Véronique-Aurélie Bricout
May 26, 2018·Journal of Biomechanics·Dhananjay Radhakrishnan SubramaniamEphraim J Gutmark
Mar 26, 2021·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·Dhananjay Radhakrishnan SubramaniamEphraim J Gutmark
Sep 9, 2021·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·Olusegun J IlegbusiKingman P Strohl

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