PMID: 8947410Nov 1, 1996Paper

Upper extremity blood flow in collegiate and high school baseball pitchers A preliminary report

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Steven C BastFred A Weaver

Abstract

The arterial and venous volume blood flow in the dominant and nondominant upper extremities of five male pitchers, ages 16 to 21, was measured using color flow duplex ultrasound. Blood-flow measurements were obtained at baseline, after warm-up, and after each sequence of 20 pitches until 100 pitches were thrown. Blood flow was additionally determined 1 hour after the last pitch. The velocity of each pitch was recorded with a speed gun. Anthropomorphic measurements of the upper extremity were obtained at baseline and immediately after Pitch 100 using a standard measuring tape. The highest average arterial volume flow in the pitching arm occurred after 40 pitches, reaching a peak of 549 ml/min (56% increase from baseline). Thereafter, the average arterial blood flow steadily declined, reaching an average of 402 ml/min after the 100th pitch (14% increase from baseline). In contrast, the arterial blood flow in the nonpitching arm increased only slightly from baseline, reaching a maximal volume flow of 448 ml/min immediately after the warm-up period (10% increase from baseline). The volume flow then persistently fell to a level 30% below baseline after the 100th pitch. Although this small pilot study does not demonstrate causation b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 29, 2011·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Juliet S HuangSusan A Saliba
Jun 1, 2014·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Kevin G LaudnerKeith Meister
Feb 9, 2016·HSS Journal : the Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery·Lucas S McDonaldJoshua S Dines
Dec 2, 2010·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Steven C BastC Thomas Vangsness
Apr 7, 2015·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Kevin LaudnerKeith Meister
Jan 11, 2018·Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine·Meghan BishopSommer Hammoud

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