Uptake and Accumulation of Pharmaceuticals in Overhead- and Surface-Irrigated Greenhouse Lettuce

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Gemini D BhalsodWei Zhang

Abstract

Understanding the uptake and accumulation of pharmaceuticals in vegetables under typical irrigation practices is critical to risk assessment of crop irrigation with reclaimed water. This study investigated the pharmaceutical residues in greenhouse lettuce under overhead and soil-surface irrigations using pharmaceutical-contaminated water. Compared to soil-surface irrigation, overhead irrigation substantially increased the pharmaceutical residues in lettuce shoots. The increased residue levels persisted even after washing for trimethoprim, monensin sodium, and tylosin, indicating their strong sorption to the shoots. The postwashing concentrations in fresh shoots varied from 0.05 ± 0.04 μg/kg for sulfadiazine to 345 ± 139 μg/kg for carbamazepine. Root concentration factors ranged from 0.04 ± 0.14 for tylosin to 19.2 ± 15.7 for sulfamethoxazole. Translocation factors in surface-irrigated lettuce were low for sulfamethoxalzole, trimethoprim, monensin sodium, and tylosin (0.07-0.15), but high for caffeine (4.28 ± 3.01) and carbamazepine (8.15 ± 2.87). Carbamazepine was persistent in soil and hyperaccumulated in shoots.

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Citations

Aug 20, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Daniel D SnowJonathan Brett Sallach
May 15, 2020·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, Surveillance·Vijayakumar BommurajJakob A Shimshoni
Nov 14, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Beatriz AlberoRosa Ana Pérez
Apr 22, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Inês LeitãoLuisa Louro Martins
May 5, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Robert KreuzigThomas Dockhorn

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