PMID: 8958146Jan 1, 1997Paper

Urate protects a blood-sucking insect against hemin-induced oxidative stress

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
A V SouzaP L Oliveira

Abstract

Urate at high concentrations (up to 5 mM) is found in the hemolymph of the blood-sucking bug, Rhodnius prolixus. Increased urate levels are observed in the days following a blood meal. Injecting hemin into the hemocoel increases both urate titer and TBARS formation in the hemolymph. The urate response to hemin injection seems to arise from increased synthesis by the fat body as urate secretion by this organ is stimulated in vitro by incubation with hemin, and markedly counteracted by allopurinol. Allopurinol injection also results in increased TBARS formation in the hemolymph. High O2 atmospheric conditions also increases hemolymph urate levels, confirming that urate release represents an antioxidant response. Urate concentrations at the range reported here might account for almost all free radical scavenging activity of the hemolymph, as deduced from TRAP assay experiments, indicating that this is the major low molecular weight protection of this insect against oxidative insult. Since large amounts of hemin are produced in the midgut following blood digestion, increased urate hemolymph levels are suggested to be an important protective biochemical adaptation to allow blood feeding.

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Citations

Jul 28, 1999·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·M C Paes, P L Oliveira
Aug 31, 1999·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·S E TimmermannM R Berenbaum
Sep 25, 2001·Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology·M C PaesP L Oliveira
Apr 1, 2009·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·Zhimin MiaoCong-Yi Wang
Jan 18, 2003·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·G O Paiva-SilvaH Masuda
Jan 10, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Patricia Y ScaraffiaRoger L Miesfeld
Jan 15, 2014·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·José M C RibeiroPedro L Oliveira
Feb 12, 1998·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H LiD A Schooley
Nov 19, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Sanjeev KumarCarolina Barillas-Mury
Aug 19, 2014·Experimental Parasitology·Daniela Cosentino-GomesJosé Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
Oct 31, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Dalibor KodríkNatraj Krishnan
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Apr 12, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Tatiana Di-BlasiYara Maria Traub-Csekö
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May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jorge DoñaKevin P Johnson
May 23, 2007·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·José R SilvaMarílvia Dansa-Petretski

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