Urbanization Reduces Transfer of Diverse Environmental Microbiota Indoors

Frontiers in Microbiology
Anirudra ParajuliAki Sinkkonen

Abstract

Expanding urbanization is a major factor behind rapidly declining biodiversity. It has been proposed that in urbanized societies, the rarity of contact with diverse environmental microbiota negatively impacts immune function and ultimately increases the risk for allergies and other immune-mediated disorders. Surprisingly, the basic assumption that urbanization reduces exposure to environmental microbiota and its transfer indoors has rarely been examined. We investigated if the land use type around Finnish homes affects the diversity, richness, and abundance of bacterial communities indoors. Debris deposited on standardized doormats was collected in 30 rural and 26 urban households in and near the city of Lahti, Finland, in August 2015. Debris was weighed, bacterial community composition determined by high throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene on the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the percentage of four different land use types (i.e., built area, forest, transitional, and open area) within 200 m and 2000 m radiuses from each household was characterized. The quantity of doormat debris was inversely correlated with coverage of built area. The diversity of total bacterial, Proteobacterial, Actinobacterial, ...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
SRP115276

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
PCR
PCRs

Software Mentioned

UCHIME
package labdsv
R
R package stats
MASS
package vegan
Mothur
R package vegan
SILVA
fastq

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