PMID: 9421941Jan 1, 1997Paper

Urinary cotinine in narguila or chicha tobacco smokers

Le Journal médical libanais. The Lebanese medical journal
C MacaronA Moore

Abstract

Urinary levels of nicotine metabolites were measured in nonsmokers and smokers of tobacco either as cigarettes or as the Middle-Eastern water pipes (narguila). Levels of urinary cotinine were similar for the smokers of cigarettes (median 30 cigarettes per day) and narguila (median 2 pipes per day, or around 40 grams of tobacco). Use of water pipes may remove a small amount of nicotine, but smokers appear to titrate dose to effect. It is unlikely that narguila smoking confers any less risk.

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