Urinary cystatin C as a specific marker of tubular dysfunction

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine : CCLM
Marc ContiSylvain Loric

Abstract

Cystatin C (CST3), a strong inhibitor of cysteine proteinases, is freely filtered by the kidney glomerulus and is reabsorbed by the tubules, where it is almost totally catabolized, with the remainder then eliminated in urine. In tubular diseases, it seems sensible to postulate that CST3 degradation would be reduced and consequently an increase in its urinary elimination would be observed. We report here the development of an automatic quantitative assay to measure CST3 concentrations in urine using a Behring N-Latex Cystatin C kit on a BNII laser nephelometer. We tested its clinical relevance on several kidney disease patients. This assay is sensitive (limit of detection 0.008 mg/L) and precise (within- and between-day CVs < 4%). Reference values for freshly collected urine samples range from 0.03 to 0.18 mg/L. Mean urine CST3 concentrations obtained from 52 patients with kidney tubular disease (4.31 +/- 3.85 mg/L) were significantly higher than those for 60 controls (0.096 +/- 0.044 mg/L; p < 0.0001) and 47 glomerular disease patients (0.106 +/- 0.133 mg/L; p < 0.0001). Increased urinary CST3 concentrations allow the accurate detection of tubular dysfunction among pure and mixed nephropathies. Because of its ability to be proc...Continue Reading

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Citations

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