PMID: 9421105Jan 8, 1998Paper

Urinary excretion of codeine, ethylmorphine, and their metabolites: relation to the CYP2D6 activity

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
K HedenmalmR Dahlqvist

Abstract

The formation of morphine from codeine and ethylmorphine is mainly mediated by the polymorphic enzyme CYP2D6. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CYP2D6 poor metabolizers (PM) and CYP2D6 extensive metabolizers (EM) would respond differently during testing for opiate drugs of abuse in urine after intake of these drugs. Five PM and five EM of dextromethorphan were administered single oral doses of codeine (25 mg) and ethylmorphine (25 mg), and the urinary excretion of parent compounds and selected metabolites was observed for 72 hours. Analysis was performed with GC-MS after hydrolysis of the glucuronide conjugates. Selected urine samples were screened for the presence of opiates by the Abbott ADx immunoassay method. The results from one PM and one EM were excluded because of technical analytical problems. EM excreted significantly more morphine than PM after intake of both codeine (6.5% vs. 1.1% of the dose; p < 0.05) and ethylmorphine (11.0% vs. 3.0% of the dose; p < 0.05). Screening results were positive significantly longer for EM than for PM after codeine intake (mean, 33 hours vs. 17 hours; p < 0.05), and the same trend, albeit nonsignificantly, was noted for ethylmorphine (mean, 33 hours vs. 24 hours). R...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 14, 2007·Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology·Shinya KasaiKazutaka Ikeda
Jun 21, 2011·Environment International·Usman Khan, Jim A Nicell
Sep 28, 2001·British Journal of Anaesthesia·D G WilliamsR F Howard
Mar 7, 2007·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Andrew A SomogyiJanet K Coller
Dec 9, 2014·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Armanda Teixeira-GomesJoão Paulo Capela
Apr 8, 2021·Pediatric Research·Sonya C Tang GirdwoodLaura B Ramsey

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