Urinary excretion of phthalates and paraben after repeated whole-body topical application in humans

International Journal of Andrology
Nadeem Rezaq JanjuaAnna-Maria Andersson

Abstract

Diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and butyl paraben (BP) are man-made chemicals used in personal care products, such as lotions and creams. Exposure to these chemicals causes a variety of adverse reproductive outcomes in animal studies. Humans can be exposed to these chemicals through dermal absorption, but there are no published data on absorption, metabolism, and excretion after dermal application. This study investigates urinary concentrations of BP and metabolites of DEP and DBP after topical application. In a 2-week single-blinded study, 26 healthy Caucasian male subjects were given a whole body topical application of basic cream 2 mg/cm(2) (control week) and then a cream containing 2% (w/w) of DEP, DBP and BP each (treatment week) daily. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected. Urinary total, and unconjugated BP, monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP) metabolites were analysed by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). All 26 subjects showed increased excretion of MEP, MBP and BP following topical application. Total MEP, MBP and BP (mean +/- SEM) excreted in urine in the treatment week were, respectively, 41 +/- 1.9, 11.8 +/- 0.6 and 2.6 +/- 0.1 mg/24 h. On average ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1989·Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·A E ElsisiI G Sipes
Jan 1, 1995·Contact Dermatitis·S C RastogiJ W Weijland
May 15, 2002·Toxicology and Industrial Health·S Oishi
Oct 24, 2003·Archives of Toxicology·Manori J SilvaJohn W Brock
Jan 28, 2004·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·P D DarbreG S Pope
Apr 27, 2004·Sports Medicine·Thomas L LenzMichele A Faulkner
Apr 19, 2005·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·M G SoniG A Burdock
Aug 5, 2005·Environmental Health Perspectives·Shanna H SwanUNKNOWN Study for Future Families Research Team
Feb 3, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Shanna H Swan
Feb 10, 2006·International Journal of Andrology·Ted Schettler
Feb 10, 2006·International Journal of Andrology·Antonia M CalafatLarry L Needham
Mar 9, 2006·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Richard M Sharpe
Sep 7, 2006·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Ivan RusynMichael L Cunningham
Dec 22, 2006·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Hermann FrommeBernhard Liebl
Dec 23, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Xiaoyun YeAntonia M Calafat

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 8, 2013·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Wan-Li MaKurunthachalam Kannan
Oct 22, 2013·Toxicology Letters·N B HopfR Gaudin
Apr 1, 2010·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Allan C JustRobin M Whyatt
Mar 11, 2010·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Hanne FrederiksenAnna-Maria Andersson
Nov 22, 2012·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Lauren E ParlettShanna H Swan
Aug 21, 2008·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Hanne FrederiksenChristine Nellemann
Feb 23, 2013·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Joseph M BraunRuss Hauser
Jan 20, 2010·Breast Cancer Research : BCR·Philippa D Darbre
Apr 7, 2010·Environmental Health Perspectives·Lizbeth López-CarrilloMariano E Cebrián
Jul 14, 2010·Environmental Health Perspectives·Malene BoasKatharina M Main
Jan 9, 2010·Environmental Health Perspectives·Antonia M CalafatLarry L Needham
Nov 25, 2011·Environmental Health Perspectives·Gunnar ToftJens Peter Bonde
Aug 6, 2013·Environmental Health Perspectives·Kristen W SmithRuss Hauser
Dec 27, 2013·Asian Journal of Andrology·Moosa FanibandBo A G Jönsson
Nov 30, 2013·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Tue SøeborgAnna-Maria Andersson
Aug 6, 2013·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Ebru KarpuzogluRobert M Gogal
Apr 11, 2014·BioMed Research International·Lucas DewalqueCorinne Charlier
Sep 13, 2013·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Roger HartKatharina M Main
Jan 24, 2009·Environmental Health Perspectives·Erin P HinesSuzanne E Fenton
Apr 15, 2014·Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology·Michelle L NorthAnne K Ellis
Mar 13, 2014·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Linyuan ZhangBing Chang
Oct 24, 2013·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Joe M BraunRuss Hauser
Feb 16, 2016·The Science of the Total Environment·Tye E ArbuckleGeorge Tawagi
Sep 16, 2009·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Lesa L AylwardKannan Krishnan
Aug 19, 2009·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Christina E Cowan-Ellsberry, Steven H Robison
Dec 15, 2015·Fertility and Sterility·Lidia Mínguez-AlarcónUNKNOWN EARTH Study Team
Jan 5, 2010·Atmospheric Environment·Ruthann A Rudel, Laura J Perovich
Jun 22, 2010·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Matthias WittassekThomas Brüning
Jul 11, 2012·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Hyo-Jin AhnEui-Bae Jeung
Mar 21, 2012·International Journal of Andrology·H FrederiksenA Juul
Jan 15, 2013·Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition·Hélène Greige-GergesAlia Jraij
May 30, 2013·Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health·Céline J FischerJean-François Tolsa
May 7, 2015·Nucleic Acids Research·Hui WangMartin Fussenegger

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.