Urine benzodiazepines screening of involuntarily drugged and robbed or raped patients

Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
A BoussairiO Diamant-Berger

Abstract

This study involved 35 patients who claimed to have been drugged before being robbed or raped, despite urine negative toxicologic screening by immunoenzymatic methods. The urines were frozen for further investigations, including enzymatic hydrolysis of urinary conjugates, liquid-solid extraction and, finally, immunoenzymatic screening of concentrated urine extract. Urine benzodiazepines were analyzed by immunoenzymatic assay before and after enzymatic hydrolysis combined with extraction. On direct immunoenzymatic screening, 17 of the 35 urine samples were benzodiazepine positive. Enrichment of preserved specimens improved the detection threshold from 200 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL and 10 of the 18 negative urines became positive. This method allowed us to demonstrate the benzodiazepines in half of previously negative urine samples. Benzodiazepine screening is particularly problematic because of low dosage, rapid elimination, failure to detect conjugated metabolites by immunoenzymatic reagents and high threshold of sensitivity for certain substances.

References


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Citations

Jun 17, 2009·Emergency Medicine Australasia : EMA·Paul QuigleySean J O'Halloran
Oct 18, 2008·International Journal of Legal Medicine·S DjezzarUNKNOWN French Network of Centers for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependence
May 15, 2003·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Claire de BurbureAntonio Mutti
Aug 14, 2018·Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology·Guido PellettiSusi Pelotti
Feb 5, 2021·Toxics·Edilma SanabriaMauricio Maldonado
Aug 5, 2006·Thérapie·Pauline Saint-MartinElisabeth Autret-Leca

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