Urinothorax: Case report and systematic review of the literature

Urology Annals
Alexander CasallasDiego Rosselli

Abstract

Urinothorax, the presence of urine in the pleural space, is a rare cause of pleural effusion, usually associated with obstructive uropathy, or urinary trauma. We present the case of a 3 year-old boy and a systematic review of the literature of the 44 cases encountered. After resection of a Wilm's tumour in the right kidney our patient presented acute respiratory distress associated with radiographically confirmed pleural effusion. With the initial diagnosis of pneumonia or malignant pleural effusion, a closed thoracotomy was performed. The liquid obtained suggested urine, which was confirmed by the laboratory. Cystoscopy with retrograde pyelography detected a fistula on the posterior wall of the right kidney. The report of cases worldwide is low, probably due to its low incidence but also to underdiagnosis. Respiratory symptoms are not always present and urological symptoms usually predominate. Diagnosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and is confirmed by the main biochemical marker: The ratio >1.0 pleural fluid creatinine and creatinine serum.

References

Aug 1, 1978·The Journal of Trauma·S K LahiryA L Brown
Sep 1, 1988·The American Journal of Medicine·K S MillerS A Sahn
Mar 1, 1985·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·J Carcillo, J R Salcedo
Jun 1, 1971·The British Journal of Radiology·G W FriedlandT Love
Jul 1, 1981·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·R L BaronD D Koch
Jul 1, 1998·Clinics in Chest Medicine·T Ansari, S Idell
Nov 12, 1998·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·D Kees-Folts, B R Cole
Jul 5, 2002·Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases·I Kivilcim OğuzülgenUstünol Karaoğlan
Nov 7, 2003·Mayo Clinic Proceedings·Keren RayTheodros Yohannes
Oct 7, 2004·Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases·Eduardo Garcia-Pachon, Isabel Padilla-Navas
Feb 16, 2005·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Chien-Chang LeeYong-Kwei Tsau
Jul 28, 2005·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Mithat BuyukcelikAli Anarat
Jun 2, 2006·Emergency Radiology·Alessandra TortoraGianfranco Gualdi
Jul 11, 2006·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Eduardo Garcia-Pachon, Santiago Romero
Mar 27, 2007·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Anish BhattacharyaBhagwant Rai Mittal
May 31, 2007·Southern Medical Journal·Samuel Deel, Emory Robinette
Nov 12, 2009·Kidney International·Sanja Jelic, Rosemary V Sampogna
Aug 7, 2010·Southern Medical Journal·Roberto Bernabeu MoraMaria Angeles Chans Cuervo
Oct 14, 2011·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·James W AntoonMichael P Kiernan
Jun 26, 2012·Scandinavian Journal of Urology·Georgios DimitriadisVasileios Katsikas
Jan 18, 2013·Case Reports in Emergency Medicine·Leonidas LaskaridisGeorgios Dimitriadis
Feb 16, 2013·Clinics in Chest Medicine·Kyle Bramley, Jonathan T Puchalski
Jun 27, 2013·Urology Annals·Basim S Alsaywid, Grahame H H Smith

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 29, 2017·BMJ Case Reports·Devanshu BansalPrashant Srivastava

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
hysterectomy

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences
R T KambleJ M Joshi
Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases
Eduardo Garcia-Pachon, I Padilla-Navas
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved