Urothelial cancer stem cells and epithelial plasticity: current concepts and therapeutic implications in bladder cancer

Cancer Metastasis Reviews
Minal Garg

Abstract

Urothelial carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous disease that develops along two distinct biological tracks as evident by candidate gene analysis and genome-wide screening and therefore, offers different challenges for clinical management. Tumors representing the truly distinct molecular entities express molecular markers characteristic of a developmental process and a major mechanism of cancer metastasis, known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Recently identified subset of cells known as urothelial cancer stem cells (UroCSCs) in urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) have self-renewal properties, ability to generate cellular tumor heterogeneity via differentiation and are ultimately responsible for tumor growth and viability. In this review paper, PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched for original research papers and review articles to extract relevant information on the molecular mechanisms delineating the relationship between EMT and cancer stemness and their clinical implications for different subsets of urothelial cell carcinomas. Experimental and clinical studies over the past few years in bladder cancer cell lines and tumor tissues of different cancer subtypes provide evidences and new insight...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 22, 2017·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Caihong WangIndira U Mysorekar
Jul 12, 2017·International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association·Dong Fang, Hiroshi Kitamura
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Apr 7, 2020·Current Pharmaceutical Design·Qiang LiuZhi-Xiang Yuan
Oct 19, 2019·World Journal of Nephrology·Minal Garg, Niharika Maurya
Jan 13, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jan GleichenhagenGeorg Johnen
Jul 22, 2018·Journal of Biomedical Science·Michele Sook Yuin HiewTunku Kamarul
Sep 4, 2020·World Journal of Clinical Oncology·Kiran TripathiMinal Garg
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Feb 12, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Arjanneke F van de MerbelGabri van der Pluijm
Aug 10, 2021·World Journal of Stem Cells·Vivek KaushikJuan Sebastian Yakisich
Oct 13, 2021·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Pratishtha GuptaMinal Garg

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