PMID: 8590111Dec 1, 1995Paper

Use of a token economy with seriously mentally ill patients: criticisms and misconceptions

Psychiatric Services : a Journal of the American Psychiatric Association
P W Corrigan

Abstract

Although use of a token economy has been shown to have significant impact on adults and children with serious mental illness who participate in inpatient and community treatment programs, the intervention has not been widely adopted. The paper presents common criticisms of token economies, which may explain the infrequent use of this treatment strategy. They include perceptions that token economies are ineffective, that their benefits do not readily generalize to other settings, that token economies do not foster individualized treatment plans, that participating in a token economy is humiliating, that token economies are abusive, that concerns about milieu management are unimportant and irrelevant to treatment delivery in the 1990s, and that effective token economies are impractical. In an effort to rekindle interest in this potent treatment technique, the author shows that many of these criticisms rest on misconceptions and provides rebuttals based on empirical research. He describes three steps in establishing a token economy.

Citations

Jan 1, 1997·Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale·T BeckerG Thornicroft
Apr 1, 2011·Journal of the American Medical Directors Association·A Blair IrvineJohn R Seeley
May 20, 2008·Research in Developmental Disabilities·Johnny L Matson, Jessica A Boisjoli
May 12, 2005·Schizophrenia Research·Faith B DickersonLisa D Green-Paden
Aug 31, 2014·Psychiatry Research·David C CiceroJohn G Kerns
Dec 4, 2009·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Lisa B DixonUNKNOWN Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT)
Dec 28, 1999·New Directions for Mental Health Services·E B Elbogen, A J Tomkins
Jan 1, 1997·Behavior Modification·P W Corrigan
Sep 20, 2002·Behavioral Sciences & the Law·Kelly R Goodness, Nancy S Renfro

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