PMID: 11929301Apr 4, 2002Paper

Use of gas chromatography-olfactometry to identify key odorant compounds in dark chocolate. Comparison of samples before and after conching

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Christine CounetSonia Collin

Abstract

After vacuum distillation and liquid-liquid extraction, the volatile fractions of dark chocolates were analyzed by gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Aroma extract dilution analysis revealed the presence of 33 potent odorants in the neutral/basic fraction. Three of these had a strong chocolate flavor: 2-methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal, and 3-methylbutanal. Many others were characterized by cocoa/praline-flavored/nutty/coffee notes: 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, trimethylpyrazine, tetramethylpyrazine, 3(or 2),5-dimethyl-2(or 3)-ethylpyrazine, 3,5(or 6)-diethyl-2-methylpyrazine, and furfurylpyrrole. Comparisons carried out before and after conching indicate that although no new key odorant is synthesized during the heating process, levels of 2-phenyl-5-methyl-2-hexenal, Furaneol, and branched pyrazines are significantly increased while most Strecker aldehydes are lost by evaporation.

References

Apr 21, 2001·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·L GijsS Collin

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Citations

Nov 19, 2008·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Bart A SmitGerrit Smit
Apr 10, 2012·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Lia M NightingaleNicki J Engeseth
Sep 13, 2008·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Emmanuel Ohene AfoakwaAngela Ryan
Jan 28, 2014·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Van Thi Thuy HoGraham Fleet
Jun 15, 2013·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Wilfried Schwab
Aug 13, 2009·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Jay A Gottfried
Jun 22, 2010·Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture·Marisa SpezialeAngel A Carbonell-Barrachina
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May 1, 2012·Food Chemistry·J Rodriguez-CamposE Lugo-Cervantes
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Jan 10, 2017·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Ashleigh StewartJane K Parker
Nov 17, 2004·Journal of Dairy Science·S S MahajanM C Qian
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Jun 19, 2020·Journal of Food Science and Technology·Fariba Mohamadi AlastiSeiied Sadegh SeiiedlouHeris
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Feb 4, 2021·Metabolites·Stephanie MichelMadina Mansurova
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