Use of the bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination for the prevention of tuberculosis: renewed interest in an old vaccine

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
D L Cohn

Abstract

The reemergence of tuberculosis, including the impact of HIV infection and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, have renewed interest in the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. During the past 7 decades, numerous studies have shown variable efficacy of BCG vaccination, ranging from 0% to 80%. The BCG vaccine is more likely to prevent disseminated forms of tuberculosis in children than pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents or adults. Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination is recommended in asymptomatic children with or at risk for HIV infection, but it rarely may cause disseminated BCG infection and should not be used in persons with symptomatic HIV infection or AIDS. In healthcare workers with exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, BCG vaccination generally is not recommended. Revaccination with BCG does not confer more benefit than initial vaccination, and repeat vaccinations should be discontinued. With recent advances in technology and a better understanding of the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis, efforts to develop a more potent and specific vaccine need to be pursued. If a more effective vaccine against tuberculosis is developed, vaccination can be expected to have an additional...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 8, 2011·Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics·Teodorico C RamalhoElaine F F da Cunha
Jan 17, 2008·Respirology : Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology·Wing Wai Yew, Chi Chiu Leung
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Dec 13, 2012·The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·M DaraUNKNOWN International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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May 1, 2009·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Mahnaz Sadeghi-Shabestari, Nima Rezaei
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Dec 22, 1999·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·D J Kusner, J Adams

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