Use of virostatics as a means of targeting human immunodeficiency virus infection

Current Pharmaceutical Design
Frank Romanelli, Ardis D Hoven

Abstract

Current antiretroviral therapy has had a significant impact on HIV associated morbidity and mortality. Despite these positive outcomes current antiretroviral regimens have significant deficiencies which include multiple drug-drug interactions, high pill burdens, and considerable financial expense. Perhaps the greatest shortcoming is the apparent inability of current therapy to disrupt low level viremia in certain cellular reservoirs despite maximal virologic control as determined by polymerase chain reaction detection. These drug-resilient reservoirs preclude the ability to discontinue antiretrovirals while maintaining viral control. Additionally, they may be responsible at least in part for the evolution of drug resistant variants. Various researchers have proposed that certain immune modulating agents known as virostatics (i.e., hydroxyurea (HU), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and cyclosporine (CSA)) may have some efficacy in managing HIV disease and/or disrupting resilient reservoirs. These agents may act by reducing the pool of activated CD4+ cells which are susceptible to infection thereby inhibiting the characteristic immune over-activation seen in most HIV infected patients. Virostatics have primarily been studied in patie...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 25, 2006·Nature Clinical Practice. Nephrology·German T HernandezRudolph A Rodriguez
Sep 21, 2013·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Julieta C ImperialeAlejandro Sosnik
May 19, 2009·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Alejandro SosnikAngel M Carcaboso
Dec 24, 2010·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Marco DoniaFerdinando Nicoletti
Apr 25, 2020·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Joseph SsenyondwaJoseph Lubega

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