Use of Xpert Contributes to Accurate Diagnosis, Timely Initiation, and Rational Use of Anti-TB Treatment Among Childhood Tuberculosis Cases in South Central Ethiopia

Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
Abebe SorsaAshenafi Habtamu

Abstract

Childhood tuberculosis (TB) was under-prioritized, and only 15% of childhood TB cases are microbiologically confirmed. Hence, most childhood TB diagnoses are made on a clinical basis and prone to over- or under-treatment. Xpert is a rapid method for the diagnosis of childhood TB with high sensitivity. To assess the use of Xpert for accurate diagnosis, timely initiation, and rational use of anti-TB treatment among childhood TB. In 2016, the hospital facilitated the installation of the Xpert machine. We reviewed data trends over four consecutive years; two years before the arrival of the machine and two years following the implementation of Xpert. Data were extracted retrospectively from electronically stored databases and medical records and entered to SPSS 21 for analysis. In the pre-intervention period (2014-2015), 404 cases of children presenting with symptoms or signs suggestive of TB ("presumptive TB") were evaluated using AFB microscopy. A total of 254 (62.8%) TB diagnoses were made, of which 54 (21.3%) were confirmed by smear AFB while 200 (78.7%) were treated as smear-negative TB cases. The mean waiting time to start anti-TB treatment was 6.95 days [95% CI (3.71-10.90)]. During the intervention period (2016-2017), 371 ch...Continue Reading

References

Apr 16, 2011·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Grant TheronKeertan Dheda
Aug 5, 2011·PLoS Medicine·Carlton A Evans
Feb 26, 2014·BMC Infectious Diseases·Elettra BertiElena Chiappini
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Jul 13, 2016·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Dereje HabteBelay Tessema
Dec 23, 2016·Pneumonia·Helen E Jenkins

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