Using frogs faces to dissect the mechanisms underlying human orofacial defects

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Amanda J G Dickinson

Abstract

In this review I discuss how Xenopus laevis is an effective model to dissect the mechanisms underlying orofacial defects. This species has been particularly useful in studying the understudied structures of the developing face including the embryonic mouth and primary palate. The embryonic mouth is the first opening between the foregut and the environment and is critical for adult mouth development. The final step in embryonic mouth formation is the perforation of a thin layer of tissue covering the digestive tube called the buccopharyngeal membrane. When this tissue does not perforate in humans it can pose serious health risks for the fetus and child. The primary palate forms just dorsal to the embryonic mouth and in non-amniotes it functions as the roof of the adult mouth. Defects in the primary palate result in a median oral cleft that appears similar across the vertebrates. In humans, these median clefts are often severe and surgically difficult to repair. Xenopus has several qualities that make it advantageous for craniofacial research. The free living embryo has an easily accessible face and we have also developed several new tools to analyze the development of the region. Further, Xenopus is readily amenable to chemical ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 30, 2016·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Nathalie S HoussinAmanda J G Dickinson
Jan 18, 2017·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Amy K Sater, Sally A Moody
Sep 13, 2020·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Brent H WyattAmanda J G Dickinson
Mar 4, 2017·Current Pathobiology Reports·Aditi Dubey, Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
Mar 14, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Mardi J NenniAaron M Zorn
Jul 13, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Micaela LasserLaura Anne Lowery
Jan 6, 2021·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Peter Walentek

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