Using High-Throughput Animal or Cell-Based Models to Functionally Characterize GWAS Signals

Current Genetic Medicine Reports
Pierre DourlenJean-Charles Lambert

Abstract

The advent of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) constituted a breakthrough in our understanding of the genetic architecture of multifactorial diseases. For Alzheimer's disease (AD), more than 20 risk loci have been identified. However, we are now facing three new challenges: (i) identifying the functional SNP or SNPs in each locus, (ii) identifying the causal gene(s) in each locus, and (iii) understanding these genes' contribution to pathogenesis. To address these issues and thus functionally characterize GWAS signals, a number of high-throughput strategies have been implemented in cell-based and whole-animal models. Here, we review high-throughput screening, high-content screening, and the use of the Drosophila model (primarily with reference to AD). We describe how these strategies have been successfully used to functionally characterize the genes in GWAS-defined risk loci. In the future, these strategies should help to translate GWAS data into knowledge and treatments.

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Citations

Jan 13, 2019·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Arn M J M van den MaagdenbergVerneri Anttila

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfecting
dissecting
nucleic acid sequencing

Software Mentioned

Lifespan
GeneSwitch

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