Using reverse engineering and computational fluid dynamics to investigate a lower arm amputee swimmer's performance

Journal of Biomechanics
Gregory LecrivainIan Kennedy

Abstract

In front crawl swimming, the hand and the corresponding forearm generate major propulsive forces. Such forces have been studied largely through experimental tests and more recently through the use of steady computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, the effect of the upper arm on the propulsive forces has generally not been taken into consideration. An understanding of such forces is fundamental for the performance of swimmers who have an arm amputation at the level of the elbow. This study introduces the great potential offered by the multidisciplinary approach combining reverse engineering and unsteady CFD in a novel dynamic and interactive way. A complex CFD mesh model, representing the swimmer body and its upper arm, is produced. The model, including the arm rotation and a body roll movement, interacts dynamically with the fluid flow. Forces generated by the upper arm can then be investigated in great detail. In this particular study, it is found that the upper arm effectively contributes to the propulsion of the body. The propulsive force was numerically computed throughout the pull and reaches maxima of 8 N. Results obtained in this study could be extended in a similar way to any other limb movement within a fluid flow.

References

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Citations

Jun 10, 2010·Disability and Rehabilitation·Victoria Goosey-Tolfrey
Feb 23, 2010·Journal of Biomechanics·Thijs DefraeyeJan Carmeliet
Jan 29, 2010·Journal of Biomechanics·Gregory LecrivainIan Kennedy
Dec 25, 2015·Journal of Sports Sciences·Hideki TakagiRoss H Sanders
Aug 20, 2016·Journal of Sports Sciences·Hiroshi SuitoYasuo Ikegami
May 31, 2018·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·L HogarthB Burkett
Oct 24, 2013·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering·Thijs DefraeyeJan Carmeliet
Sep 16, 2014·Journal of Applied Biomechanics·João Paulo Vilas-BoasDaniel A Marinho
Mar 7, 2020·Journal of Sports Sciences·Luke HogarthBrendan Burkett
Nov 6, 2014·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·V CavedonC Milanese
Aug 30, 2017·Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering·Bryce Tj Dyer, Sarah A Deans
Feb 12, 2010·Journal of Applied Biomechanics·Daniel A MarinhoAbel I Rouboa

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