Using the Nondonor Distribution to Improve Communication and Inform Decision Making for Low LRs from Minor Contributors in Mixed DNA Profiles.

Journal of Forensic Sciences
Curt SchuermanJo-Anne Bright

Abstract

The reporting of a likelihood ratio (LR) calculated from probabilistic genotyping software has become more popular since 2015 and has allowed for the use of more complex mixtures at court. The meaning of "inconclusive" LRs and how to communicate the significance of low LRs at court is now important. We present a method here using the distribution of LRs obtained from nondonors. The nondonor distribution is useful for examining calibration and discrimination for profiles that have produced LRs less than about 104 . In this paper, a range of mixed DNA profiles of varying quantity were constructed and the LR distribution considering the minor contributor for a number of nondonors was compared to the expectation given a calibrated system. It is demonstrated that conditioning genotypes should be used where reasonable given the background information to decrease the rate of nondonor LRs above 1. In all 17 cases examined, the LR for the minor donor was higher than the nondonor LRs, and in 12 of the 17 cases, the 99.9 percentile of the nondonor distribution was lower when appropriate conditioning information was used. The output of the tool is a graph that can show the position of the LR for the person of interest set against the nondo...Continue Reading

References

Feb 25, 2011·Cognition·Philip M FernbachSteven A Sloman
Aug 11, 2011·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Mark W PerlinBarry W Duceman
Dec 19, 2012·Forensic Science International. Genetics·P Gill, H Haned
Feb 22, 2013·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Todd BilleJohn Buckleton
May 15, 2013·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Daniel Ramos, Joaquin Gonzalez-Rodriguez
Aug 21, 2013·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Duncan TaylorJohn Buckleton
Feb 18, 2014·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Guro DørumThore Egeland
Feb 18, 2014·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Jo-Anne BrightJohn Buckleton
Mar 19, 2014·Science & Justice : Journal of the Forensic Science Society·Carrie MullenAllan Jamieson
Apr 15, 2014·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Duncan Taylor
Jan 27, 2015·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Duncan TaylorIan Evett
Feb 24, 2015·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Maarten KruijverKlaas Slooten
Oct 5, 2015·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Duncan TaylorJohn Buckleton
Jan 17, 2016·Implementation Science : IS·Monika NothackerUNKNOWN Guidelines International Network (G-I-N) Performance Measures Working Group
May 29, 2016·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Jo-Anne BrightJohn Buckleton
Oct 6, 2016·Science & Justice : Journal of the Forensic Science Society·Raymond MarquisTacha Hicks
Dec 25, 2016·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Duncan TaylorJohn Buckleton
Jan 26, 2018·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Jo-Anne BrightJohn S Buckleton
Mar 27, 2019·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Maarten KruijverJohn Buckleton

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 16, 2021·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Tim KalafutJohn Buckleton

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
Goutham RaoCraig Robbins
Annals of Botany
Joanna Szymanowska-Pułka, Marcin Lipowczan
European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology
Jong Woong ParkIlkyu Han
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved