Using the Whole Cohort in the Analysis of Case-Control Data: Application to the Women's Health Initiative

Statistics in Biosciences
Norman E BreslowJacques E Rossouw

Abstract

Standard analyses of data from case-control studies that are nested in a large cohort ignore information available for cohort members not sampled for the sub-study. This paper reviews several methods designed to increase estimation efficiency by using more of the data, treating the case-control sample as a two or three phase stratified sample. When applied to a study of coronary heart disease among women in the hormone trials of the Women's Health Initiative, modest but increasing gains in precision of regression coefficients were observed depending on the amount of cohort information used in the analysis. The gains were particularly evident for pseudo- or maximum likelihood estimates whose validity depends on the assumed model being correct. Larger standard errors were obtained for coefficients estimated by inverse probability weighted methods that are more robust to model misspecification. Such misspecification may have been responsible for an important difference in one key regression coefficient estimated using the weighted compared with the more efficient methods.

References

Aug 15, 1997·Statistics in Medicine·D M Umbach, C R Weinberg
Jul 19, 2002·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Jacques E RossouwUNKNOWN Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators
Mar 1, 1996·Journal of the American Statistical Association·N E Breslow
Oct 25, 2003·Annals of Epidemiology·Garnet L AndersonRoss L Prentice
Apr 15, 2004·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Garnet L AndersonUNKNOWN Women's Health Initiative Steering Committee
Feb 10, 2006·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Ross L PrenticeMaureen M Henderson
May 4, 2007·Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology·Ji-Hyung ShinJinko Graham
Apr 10, 2009·American Journal of Epidemiology·Norman E BreslowMichal Kulich
Feb 26, 2011·Statistics in Medicine·Helena Marti, Michel Chavance
May 1, 2012·Journal of Statistical Software·Sebastien HaneuseThomas Lumley
Aug 1, 2011·International Statistical Review = Revue Internationale De Statistique·Thomas LumleyJames Y Dai

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Citations

Oct 29, 2014·Statistical Methods in Medical Research·Hisashi Noma, Shiro Tanaka
Mar 6, 2019·Statistical Methods in Medical Research·Claudia Rivera-RodriguezDonna Spiegelman
Jul 31, 2019·Statistics in Medicine·C Rivera-RodriguezS Haneuse
Jan 7, 2021·JMIR Research Protocols·Claudia Rivera-RodriguezSarah Cullum

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