Utilization of Halogenated Benzenes, Phenols, and Benzoates by Rhodococcus opacus GM-14.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
G M ZaitsevM S Salkinoja-Salonen

Abstract

Strain GM-14 was isolated by selective enrichment from contaminated soil with chlorobenzene as the sole source of carbon and energy. It utilizes an exceptionally wide spectrum of haloaromatic substrates. It is a gram-positive, weakly acid-fast actinomycete, with a morphological cycle from cocci and short rods to long rods and branched filaments; it grew optimally at 28(deg)C; and it tolerated 5% NaCl in rich medium. The chemotaxonomic characteristics, the diagnostic biochemical tests, the whole-cell fatty acid composition, and 16S rDNA analysis were consistent with Rhodococcus opacus. R. opacus GM-14 grew on 48 of 117 different aromatic and haloaromatic compounds. It utilized phenol at concentrations up to 1.2 g/liter, 3- and 4-methylphenols up to 0.5 g/liter, 2- and 4-chlorophenols up to 0.25 g/liter, and 3-chlorophenol up to 0.1 g/liter. It grew in saturated aqueous solutions of benzene, chlorobenzene, and 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (up to 13, 3, 0.5, and 0.5 g/liter, respectively). The specific growth rate of strain GM-14 on phenol and 3- and 4-chlorophenols in batch culture was 0.27 to 0.29 h(sup-1), and that on benzene and chlorobenzene was similar to the rate on fructose, i.e., 0.2 h(sup-1). The growth yield on benzene ...Continue Reading

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