PMID: 9554517Apr 29, 1998Paper

Utilization of polymerase chain reaction technology in the detection of solid tumors

Cancer
G V RajL G Gomella

Abstract

Most cancer detection tests currently performed are based on either antibody assays to a marker protein with altered expression in cancer patients or on imaging studies to identify characteristic lesions. Generally, for a positive result, these detection assays require that a tumor have a significant volume of cancer cells. Advances in diagnostic techniques and technology may allow for cancer detection at earlier stages, when the tumor burden is smaller and potentially more curable. The molecular techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) are highly sensitive methods for detecting a small number of cancer cells. Over the past few years, numerous clinical studies have used PCR techniques to detect physical alterations of genes, such as mutations, deletions, translocations and amplification, the presence of oncogenic viruses, and the expression of genes specific to tissue, cancer, and metastasis. The current status of PCR as a method for detecting marker genes in the management of solid tumors is reviewed. A review of the literature on the clinical utility of PCR and RT-PCR in the detection of solid tumor micrometastasis was conducted. Amplification by PCR is a highly sensitive method to ...Continue Reading

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