UV irradiation/cold shock-mediated apoptosis is switched to bubbling cell death at low temperatures

Oncotarget
Szu-Jung ChenNan-Shan Chang

Abstract

When COS7 fibroblasts and other cells were exposed to UVC irradiation and cold shock at 4°C for 5 min, rapid upregulation and nuclear accumulation of NOS2, p53, WWOX, and TRAF2 occurred in 10-30 min. By time-lapse microscopy, an enlarging gas bubble containing nitric oxide (NO) was formed in the nucleus in each cell that finally popped out to cause "bubbling death". Bubbling occurred effectively at 4 and 22°C, whereas DNA fragmentation was markedly blocked at 4°C. When temperature was increased to 37°C, bubbling was retarded and DNA fragmentation occurred in 1 hr, suggesting that bubbling death is switched to apoptosis with increasing temperatures. Bubbling occurred prior to nuclear uptake of propidium iodide and DAPI stains. Arginine analog Nω-LAME inhibited NO synthase NOS2 and significantly suppressed the bubbling death. Unlike apoptosis, there were no caspase activation and flip-over of membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) during bubbling death. Bubbling death was significantly retarded in Wwox knockout MEF cells, as well as in cells overexpressing TRAF2 and dominant-negative p53. Together, UV/cold shock induces bubbling death at 4°C and the event is switched to apoptosis at 37°C. Presumably, proapoptotic WWOX and p53 block the...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 25, 2016·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Shenq-Shyang HuangNan-Shan Chang
Dec 22, 2016·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Li-Jin HsuNan-Shan Chang
Apr 15, 2016·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Nan-Shan Chang
Aug 31, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Chan-Chuan LiuNan-Shan Chang
Sep 15, 2018·Oncology Letters·Tongbai XuYanhua Chen
Dec 18, 2015·Oncotarget·Mohammad Abu-OdehRami I Aqeilan
Jan 10, 2018·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Shenq-Shyang Huang, Nan-Shan Chang
Mar 28, 2018·Cell Death Discovery·Hsiang-Ling KuoNan-Shan Chang
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Ying-Tsen ChouLi-Jin Hsu
Aug 8, 2021·Cells·Che-Yu HsuNan-Shan Chang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
electron microscopy
flow cytometry
ubiquitination
fluorescence microscopy
co-immunoprecipitation

Related Concepts

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis