Vaccination with novel low-molecular weight proteins secreted from Trichinella spiralis inhibits establishment of infection

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Mellina T SreyDavid B Guiliano

Abstract

Trichinella spiralis muscle stage larvae (mL1) produce excretory-secreted products (ESPs), a complex mixture of protein, which are believed to be important for establishing or maintaining an infection niche within skeletal muscle and the intestine. Studies of both whole ESPs and individual cloned proteins have shown that some ESPs are potent immunogens capable of eliciting protective immune responses. Here we describe two novel proteins, Secreted from Muscle stage Larvae SML-4 and SML-5 which are 15 kDa and 12 kDa respectively. The genes encoding these proteins are highly conserved within the Trichinellids, are constituents of mL1 ESP and localized in the parasite stichosome. While SML-5 is only expressed in mL1 and early stages of adult nematode development, SML-4 is a tyvosylated glycoprotein also produced by adult nematodes, indicating it may have a function in the enteral phase of the infection. Vaccination with these proteins resulted in an impaired establishment of adult stages and consequently a reduction in the burden of mL1 in BALB/c mice. This suggests that both proteins may be important for establishment of parasite infection of the intestine and are prophylactic vaccine candidates.

References

Oct 5, 1990·Journal of Molecular Biology·S F AltschulD J Lipman
Aug 4, 2001·Parasite : Journal De La Société Française De Parasitologie·F Romarís, J A Appleton
Sep 24, 2004·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·Makedonka MitrevaJames P McCarter
Oct 17, 2006·Parasitology Today·D D Despommier
Sep 12, 2007·Bioinformatics·M A LarkinD G Higgins
Nov 11, 2008·International Journal for Parasitology·David B GuilianoMurray E Selkirk
Mar 21, 2009·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Yuxian HeSara Lustigman
Feb 22, 2011·Nature Genetics·Makedonka MitrevaRichard K Wilson
May 10, 2011·International Journal for Parasitology·Benjamin ElsworthMark Blaxter
Dec 17, 2011·Emerging Infectious Diseases·K Darwin Murrell, Edoardo Pozio
Nov 8, 2015·Experimental Parasitology·Shao Rong LongJing Cui
Aug 2, 2018·Trends in Parasitology·David J DiemertJeffrey M Bethony
Jul 6, 2020·International Journal for Parasitology·Peter J TaylorPeter Sarkies

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Datasets Mentioned

BETA
BG521264.1
BG520988.1
MN755766
EU867518

Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
transmission electron microscopy
ELISA
light microscopy
glycosylation
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

Prism
PAUP
ClustalX
FlowJo
GraphPad Prism
Artemis
BLAST

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.