Vaccinia virus complement control protein is capable of protecting xenoendothelial cells from antibody binding and killing by human complement and cytotoxic cells

Transplantation
F Al-MohannaG J Kotwal

Abstract

Vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP) was the first secretory microbial protein shown to have structural similarity to the family of complement control proteins. VCP can block both the classical and alternate complement pathways. Recently, VCP has been shown to bind to heparin, and this property contributes to separate functions, making the molecule a multifunctional protein. VCP prepared from a natural infection of RK-13 cells with vaccinia virus was purified to homogeneity. Cultured pig aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) were mixed with human serum, anti-Gal alpha1,3 Gal antibody, neutrophils, or natural killer (NK) cells in the presence or absence of VCP and either direct binding of FITC-labeled antibody or killing by cytotoxic cells was estimated. Our cell culture studies demonstrate that VCP blocks complement-mediated killing of PAECs by human serum in a dose-dependent manner. We also demonstrate that VCP is capable of blocking Gal alpha1,3 Gal binding sites on PAECS. Surprisingly, VCP effectively blocked interactions between PAECs and cytotoxic cells such as human naive neutrophils and NK cells. VCP is a novel protein amongst the complement control protein family and can, not only block xenorejection by inhibiting...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 8, 2003·Journal of Biosciences·Purushottam Jha, Girish J Kotwal
Jun 20, 2002·Transplantation Proceedings·J B AndersonG J Kotwal
Aug 14, 2003·Molecular Immunology·Tom E Mollnes, Arnt E Fiane
Sep 12, 2003·Trends in Immunology·Jayati MullickArvind Sahu
Aug 8, 2002·Journal of Neurotrauma·Ramona R HicksGirish J Kotwal
Jan 25, 2003·Annual Review of Immunology·Bruce T SeetGrant McFadden
Mar 13, 2014·Annual Review of Biochemistry·Ding Xu, Jeffrey D Esko
Nov 28, 2012·Immunobiology·Gang ChenXiaoping Chen
Nov 18, 2006·Molecular Immunology·Ebbe B ThorgersenTom Eirik Mollnes
Dec 1, 2001·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·S A Smith, G J Kotwal
Oct 27, 2016·Immunological Reviews·Christoph Q SchmidtDaniel Ricklin
Nov 1, 2016·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Hadi Abou-El-Hassan, Hassan Zaraket
Oct 8, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Alexandra Lucas, Grant McFadden
Mar 7, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·M Kathryn LiszewskiJohn P Atkinson

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