Validity and systematic error in measuring carotenoid consumption with dietary self-report instruments

American Journal of Epidemiology
Loki NatarajanWomen's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group

Abstract

Vegetables and fruits are rich in carotenoids, a group of compounds thought to protect against cancer. Studies of diet-disease associations need valid and reliable instruments for measuring dietary intake. The authors present a measurement error model to estimate the validity (defined as correlation between self-reported intake and "true" intake), systematic error, and reliability of two self-report dietary assessment methods. Carotenoid exposure is measured by repeated 24-hour recalls, a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and a plasma marker. The model is applied to 1,013 participants assigned between 1995 and 2000 to the nonintervention arm of the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study, a randomized trial assessing the impact of a low-fat, high-vegetable/fruit/fiber diet on preventing new breast cancer events. Diagnostics including graphs are used to assess the goodness of fit. The validity of the instruments was 0.44 for the 24-hour recalls and 0.39 for the FFQ. Systematic error accounted for over 22% and 50% of measurement error variance for the 24-hour recalls and FFQ, respectively. The use of either self-report method alone in diet-disease studies could lead to substantial bias and error. Multiple methods of dietary ass...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 1, 2008·Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association·Lisa MadlenskyJohn P Pierce
May 27, 2010·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Nolwenn NoiselMichel Plante
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