PMID: 3760362Oct 1, 1986Paper

Valve replacement in children less than 5 years of age

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
P J SpevakP Pollack

Abstract

Between 1966 and 1984, there were 63 children less than 5 years of age who underwent 70 valve replacements (49 mitral [5 repeat], 6 aortic, 11 tricuspid [systemic ventricle; 2 repeat]), 2 tricuspid [pulmonary ventricle] and 1 multiple [mitral-aortic]) at Children's Hospital. Tissue valves were used in 20%. Since 1980, only Björk-Shiley and St. Jude valves have been used. The most common indication for valve replacement was mitral regurgitation after repair of atrioventricular (AV) canal (34%). Mortality dropped considerably over time: 76% before 1979, 33% from 1979 to 1982 and 22% since 1982. More than two-thirds of fatalities were operative deaths, usually within 3 days of surgery. Actuarial survival curves for those operated on since 1980 predict 1 and 5 year survival of 73 and 51%, respectively. For the 46 operative survivors 1 and 5 year valve survival was 97 and 70%, respectively. Postoperative hemodynamics were significantly improved on elective postoperative catheterizations. All but one patient with non-tissue valves received anticoagulant therapy. Postoperative complications included thromboembolism (1.6/100 patients-years) and hemorrhage (0.8/100 patient-years). The frequency of intravascular hemolysis and endocarditi...Continue Reading

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