Variability in the chemistry of private drinking water supplies and the impact of domestic treatment systems on water quality

Environmental Geochemistry and Health
E L AnderG Leonardi

Abstract

Tap water from 497 properties using private water supplies, in an area of metalliferous and arsenic mineralisation (Cornwall, UK), was measured to assess the extent of compliance with chemical drinking water quality standards, and how this is influenced by householder water treatment decisions. The proportion of analyses exceeding water quality standards were high, with 65 % of tap water samples exceeding one or more chemical standards. The highest exceedances for health-based standards were nitrate (11 %) and arsenic (5 %). Arsenic had a maximum observed concentration of 440 µg/L. Exceedances were also high for pH (47 %), manganese (12 %) and aluminium (7 %), for which standards are set primarily on aesthetic grounds. However, the highest observed concentrations of manganese and aluminium also exceeded relevant health-based guidelines. Significant reductions in concentrations of aluminium, cadmium, copper, lead and/or nickel were found in tap waters where households were successfully treating low-pH groundwaters, and similar adventitious results were found for arsenic and nickel where treatment was installed for iron and/or manganese removal, and successful treatment specifically to decrease tap water arsenic concentrations wa...Continue Reading

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Apr 28, 2016·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·D R S MiddletonD A Polya
Dec 2, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Helen CrabbeGiovanni S Leonardi
Jan 6, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Margaret J EggersAnne K Camper
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Jul 26, 2017·Current Environmental Health Reports·Yan Zheng
Jul 6, 2020·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Anne KousaSirpa Hartikainen
Apr 14, 2021·Environmental Health Perspectives·Deanna P ScherKristine S Klos

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical treatments

Software Mentioned

R R Core Team
ArcGIS
Systat
SigmaPlot
Access Access
StatDA

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