Variation in Anthropometric Status and Growth Failure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Pediatrics
Iván Mejía-GuevaraS V Subramanian

Abstract

Addressing anthropometric failure in low- and middle-income countries can have 2 targets of inference: addressing differences between individuals within populations (Wpop) or differences between populations (Bpop). We present a multilevel framework to apply both targets of inference simultaneously and quantify the extent to which variation in anthropometric status and growth failure is reflective of undernourished children or undernourished populations. Cross-sectional data originated from the Demographic and Health Surveys program, covering children under age 5 from 57 countries surveyed between 2001 and 2015. A majority of variation in child anthropometric status and growth failure was attributable to Wpop-associated differences, accounting for 89%, 83%, and 85% of the variability in z scores for height for age, weight for age, and weight for height. Bpop-associated differences (communities, regions, and countries combined) were associated with 11%, 17%, and 15% of the variation in height-for-age z score, weight-for-age z score, and weight-for-height z score. Prevalence of anthropometric failure was closely correlated with mean levels of height and weight. Approximately 1% of Wpop variability, compared with 30% to 50% of the ...Continue Reading

References

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Jan 22, 2008·Lancet·Cesar G VictoraUNKNOWN Maternal and Child Undernutrition Study Group
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Jun 12, 2013·Lancet·Robert E BlackUNKNOWN Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group
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Mar 29, 2014·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Sally M Grantham-McGregorSusan Walker
Dec 10, 2016·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Fahad RazakS V Subramanian

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