Variation in plant defense against invasive herbivores: evidence for a hypersensitive response in eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis).

Journal of Chemical Ecology
Laura RadvilleEvan L Preisser

Abstract

Herbivores can trigger a wide array of morphological and chemical changes in their host plants. Feeding by some insects induces a defensive hypersensitive response, a defense mechanism consisting of elevated H(2)O(2) levels and tissue death at the site of herbivore feeding. The invasive hemlock woolly adelgid Adelges tsugae ('HWA') and elongate hemlock scale Fiorinia externa ('EHS') feed on eastern hemlocks; although both are sessile sap feeders, HWA causes more damage than EHS. The rapid rate of tree death following HWA infestation has led to the suggestion that feeding induces a hypersensitive response in hemlock trees. We assessed the potential for an herbivore-induced hypersensitive response in eastern hemlocks by measuring H(2)O(2) levels in foliage from HWA-infested, EHS-infested, and uninfested trees. Needles with settled HWA or EHS had higher H(2)O(2) levels than control needles, suggesting a localized hypersensitive plant response. Needles with no direct contact to settled HWA also had high H(2)O(2) levels, suggesting that HWA infestation may induce a systemic defense response in eastern hemlocks. There was no similar systemic defensive response in the EHS treatment. Our results showed that two herbivores in the same f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 4, 2014·Journal of Chemical Ecology·E Alexa McKenzieMark Mayer
Sep 10, 2014·Environmental Entomology·Elizabeth M Sussky, Joseph S Elkinton
Apr 3, 2014·Plant, Cell & Environment·Gaylord A DesurmontTed C J Turlings
Mar 24, 2012·Journal of Insect Physiology·Sophie PointeauFrançois Lieutier
Sep 21, 2016·Insects·Claire M WilsonEvan L Preisser
Oct 25, 2016·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Beata Borowiak-SobkowiakIwona Morkunas
Apr 20, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Amanda LetherenJiangang Chen
Dec 1, 2017·Botanical Studies·Van-Chung MaiLe-Ai-Vinh Nguyen
Jun 22, 2019·Journal of Insect Science·Elizabeth P McCarty, Karla M Addesso
Jan 29, 2017·Journal of Insect Science·Richard M TurcotteYong-Lak Park
May 27, 2020·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Laura J KellyRichard J A Buggs

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